kutu/X-kutu.c

#define CLEANMASK(m) ((m & ~0x80))

// Definitions for modifier keys
#define SUPER XCB_MOD_MASK_4
#define ALT XCB_MOD_MASK_1
#define CTRL XCB_MOD_MASK_CONTROL
#define SHIFT XCB_MOD_MASK_SHIFT

// Change this to change the modifier key you want to use
#define MOD SUPER

// Standard headers
#include <err.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

// XCB header
#include <xcb/xcb.h>
#include <xcb/xcb_icccm.h>

// Global variables
// Connection to X server
xcb_connection_t *conn;
// Screen of the X server
xcb_screen_t *scr;
// Currently focused window
xcb_window_t focuswin;

// Geometry structure for rectangles and positions
typedef struct Geometry {
  int16_t x;
  int16_t y;
  uint16_t width;
  uint16_t height;
} Geometry;

// Event structure to represent various X events
typedef struct Event {
  int32_t type;
  uint32_t window;
  int8_t override_redirect;
  uint32_t btn;
  int32_t x;
  int32_t y;
  uint32_t height;
  uint32_t width;
  uint32_t state;
  int8_t is_root;
} Event;

// Cleanup function to close the X connection on exit
void cleanup(void) {
  if (conn != NULL)
    xcb_disconnect(conn);
}

// Keybind function to setup a key grab if the keycode is clicked along with the
// MOD key
void add_keybind(int key) {
  xcb_grab_key(conn, 0, scr->root, MOD, key, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC,
               XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC);
}

// Mousebind function to setup a mouse button grab if the button is clicked
// along with the MOD key
void add_mousebind(int button) {
  xcb_grab_button(conn, 0, scr->root,
                  XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS | XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_RELEASE,
                  XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, scr->root, XCB_NONE,
                  button, MOD);
}

// Deploy function to initialize the X connection, set up event masks, and
// prepare the window manager
int deploy(void) {
  int mask;

  // Start X connection and return -1 if it fails
  if (xcb_connection_has_error(conn = xcb_connect(NULL, NULL)))
    return -1;

  // Define screen and focus window
  scr = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(xcb_get_setup(conn)).data;
  focuswin = scr->root;

  // Setuup event masks
  mask = XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;

  uint32_t values[] = {XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT |
                       XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_NOTIFY |
                       XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY |
                       XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE};

  xcb_change_window_attributes_checked(conn, scr->root, mask, values);

  xcb_flush(conn);

  return 0;
}

// Free a geometry structure
void free_geometry(Geometry *g) { free(g); }

// Set input focus to a window
void focus(xcb_window_t win) {
  xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, win,
                      XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
  focuswin = win;
}

// Get the currently focused window
xcb_window_t get_focus(void) { return focuswin; }

// Subscribe to events on a window
void subscribe(xcb_window_t win) {
  uint32_t values[2];
  values[0] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
  values[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
  xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, win, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
}

// Kill a window
void kill(xcb_window_t window) {
  xcb_kill_client(conn, window);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

// Destroy a window
void destroy(xcb_window_t win) {
  xcb_destroy_window(conn, win);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

// Show a window
void show(xcb_window_t window) {
  xcb_map_window(conn, window);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

// Hide a window
void hide(xcb_window_t window) {
  xcb_unmap_window(conn, window);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

// Bring a window to the top of the stack
void send_to_top(xcb_window_t win) {
  uint32_t values[1] = {XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE};
  xcb_configure_window(conn, win, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, values);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

// Get the geometry of a window
Geometry get_geometry(xcb_window_t win) {
  xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *geom =
      xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, xcb_get_geometry(conn, win), NULL);
  Geometry g = {geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height};
  free(geom);
  return g;
}

// Get the current pointer position
Geometry get_pointer(void) {
  xcb_query_pointer_reply_t *geom;
  geom = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, xcb_query_pointer(conn, scr->root), 0);
  Geometry g = {geom->root_x, geom->root_y, 0, 0};
  free(geom);
  return g;
}

// Get the screen geometry
Geometry get_screen(void) {
  return (Geometry){0, 0, scr->width_in_pixels, scr->height_in_pixels};
}

// Warp the pointer to a specific position in a window
// Can be used with get_geometry to warp to a specific position in a window (eg.
// the center)
void warp_pointer(xcb_window_t win, int x, int y) {
  xcb_warp_pointer(conn, XCB_NONE, win, 0, 0, 0, 0, x, y);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

// Move a window to a specific position
void move_window(xcb_window_t win, int x, int y) {
  uint32_t values[2] = {x, y};
  xcb_configure_window(conn, win, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y,
                       values);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

// Resize a window to specific dimensions
void resize_window(xcb_window_t win, int width, int height) {
  uint32_t values[2] = {width, height};
  xcb_configure_window(
      conn, win, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT, values);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

xcb_size_hints_t get_wm_n_hints(xcb_window_t win) {
  xcb_size_hints_t hints;
  xcb_get_property_cookie_t cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_normal_hints(conn, win);
  xcb_icccm_get_wm_normal_hints_reply(conn, cookie, &hints, NULL);
  return hints;
}

xcb_icccm_wm_hints_t get_wm_hints(xcb_window_t win) {
  xcb_get_property_cookie_t cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints(conn, win);
  xcb_icccm_wm_hints_t hints;
  xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints_reply(conn, cookie, &hints, NULL);
  return hints;
}

char *get_wm_name(xcb_window_t win) {
  xcb_get_property_cookie_t cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_name(conn, win);
  xcb_icccm_get_text_property_reply_t reply;
  xcb_icccm_get_wm_name_reply(conn, cookie, &reply, NULL);
  return reply.name;
}

uint8_t get_wm_transient_for(xcb_window_t win) {
  xcb_get_property_cookie_t cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for(conn, win);
  return xcb_icccm_get_wm_transient_for_reply(conn, cookie, &win, NULL);
}

void set_wm_state(xcb_window_t win, int state) {
  xcb_intern_atom_cookie_t cookie =
      xcb_intern_atom(conn, 0, strlen("WM_STATE"), "WM_STATE");
  xcb_intern_atom_reply_t *reply = xcb_intern_atom_reply(conn, cookie, NULL);
  if (!reply)
    return;

  xcb_atom_t WM_STATE = reply->atom;
  free(reply);

  uint32_t data[2];
  data[0] = state;
  data[1] = XCB_WINDOW_NONE;

  xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, win, WM_STATE, WM_STATE, 32,
                      2, data);

  xcb_flush(conn);
}

xcb_window_t draw_rectangle(int x, int y, int width, int height,
                            uint32_t color) {
  // Get the screen
  const xcb_setup_t *setup = xcb_get_setup(conn);
  xcb_screen_iterator_t iter = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(setup);
  xcb_screen_t *screen = iter.data;

  // Create an override-redirect window
  xcb_window_t win = xcb_generate_id(conn);
  uint32_t mask =
      XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL | XCB_CW_OVERRIDE_REDIRECT | XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
  uint32_t values[3];
  values[0] = screen->black_pixel;     // initial background pixel
  values[1] = 1;                       // override_redirect = true
  values[2] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_EXPOSURE; // we want exposure events

  xcb_create_window(conn,
                    XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT, // depth
                    win,                  // window ID
                    screen->root,         // parent
                    x, y,                 // x, y
                    width, height,        // width, height
                    0,                    // border width
                    XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT, screen->root_visual, mask,
                    values);

  // Map the window (make it visible)
  xcb_map_window(conn, win);

  // Fill it with the solid color using a Graphics Context
  xcb_gcontext_t gc = xcb_generate_id(conn);
  uint32_t gc_values[] = {color, XCB_LINE_STYLE_SOLID};
  xcb_create_gc(conn, gc, win, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND | XCB_GC_LINE_STYLE,
                gc_values);

  xcb_rectangle_t rect = {0, 0, width, height}; // relative to window
  xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, win, gc, 1, &rect);

  // Flush the connection to send commands to the server
  xcb_flush(conn);

  return win;
}

xcb_window_t get_root(void) { return scr->root; }

void grab_pointer(xcb_window_t win) {
  xcb_grab_pointer(conn, 0, win,
                   XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_RELEASE |
                       XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_MOTION |
                       XCB_EVENT_MASK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT,
                   XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_NONE, XCB_NONE,
                   XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

void ungrab_pointer(void) {
  xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
  xcb_flush(conn);
}

// Wait for an event and return it as an Event structure
// This function is blocking
// The event is sent by value, so no need to free anything
Event wait_for_event(void) {
  Event ret = {0};

  xcb_generic_event_t *ev;
  ev = xcb_wait_for_event(conn);

  if (!ev)
    errx(1, "xcb connection broken");

  switch (CLEANMASK(ev->response_type)) {

  case XCB_CREATE_NOTIFY: {
    xcb_create_notify_event_t *e;
    e = (xcb_create_notify_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 1;
    ret.window = e->window;
    ret.override_redirect = e->override_redirect;
  } break;

  case XCB_DESTROY_NOTIFY: {
    xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *e;
    e = (xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 2;
    ret.window = e->window;
  } break;

  case XCB_ENTER_NOTIFY: {
    xcb_enter_notify_event_t *e;
    e = (xcb_enter_notify_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 3;
    ret.window = e->event;
  } break;

  case XCB_MAP_NOTIFY: {
    xcb_map_notify_event_t *e;
    e = (xcb_map_notify_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 4;
    ret.window = e->window;
    ret.override_redirect = e->override_redirect;
  } break;

  case XCB_MAP_REQUEST: {
    xcb_map_request_event_t *e;
    e = (xcb_map_request_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 5;
    ret.window = e->window;
  } break;

  case XCB_BUTTON_PRESS: {
    xcb_button_press_event_t *e = (xcb_button_press_event_t *)ev;
    if (!e->child)
      break;
    ret.type = 6;
    ret.window = e->child;
    ret.is_root = e->child == scr->root;
    ret.x = e->event_x;
    ret.y = e->event_y;
    ret.btn = e->detail;
  } break;

  case XCB_MOTION_NOTIFY: {
    xcb_motion_notify_event_t *e = (xcb_motion_notify_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 7;
    ret.x = e->event_x;
    ret.y = e->event_y;
    ret.state = e->state;
  } break;

  case XCB_BUTTON_RELEASE: {
    xcb_button_release_event_t *e = (xcb_button_release_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 8;
    ret.x = e->event_x;
    ret.y = e->event_y;
    ret.btn = e->detail;
  } break;

  case XCB_KEY_PRESS: {
    xcb_key_press_event_t *e;
    e = (xcb_key_press_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 9;
    ret.window = e->child;
    ret.btn = e->detail;
    ret.state = e->state;
  } break;

  case XCB_KEY_RELEASE: {
    xcb_key_release_event_t *e;
    e = (xcb_key_release_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 10;
    ret.window = e->child;
    ret.btn = e->detail;
    ret.state = e->state;
  } break;

  case XCB_UNMAP_NOTIFY: {
    xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *e;
    e = (xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 11;
    ret.window = e->window;
  } break;

  case XCB_CONFIGURE_REQUEST: {
    xcb_configure_request_event_t *e = (xcb_configure_request_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 12;
    ret.window = e->window;
    ret.x = e->x;
    ret.y = e->y;
    ret.width = e->width;
    ret.height = e->height;
  } break;

  case XCB_RESIZE_REQUEST: {
    xcb_resize_request_event_t *e = (xcb_resize_request_event_t *)ev;
    ret.type = 13;
    ret.window = e->window;
    ret.width = e->width;
    ret.height = e->height;
  } break;
  }

  xcb_flush(conn);
  free(ev);
  return ret;
}